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Namibia, despite its scant population, is home to a wide diversity of languages, from multiple language families: Indo-European, Bantu, and the various Khoisan families. During apartheid Afrikaans, German and English held the position of official language; however, after independence from South Africa, Namibia's new government made English the sole official language in the constitution of Namibia. German and Afrikaans were stigmatised as having colonial overtones,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.namibia-travel-guide.com/bradt_guide.asp?bradt=550 )〕 while the rising of Mandela's Youth League and the 1951 Defiance Campaign spread English among the masses as the language of the liberation struggle.〔Brutt-Griffler, J. (2002). '' World English: a study of its development''. Multilingual Matters, p.165. ISBN 1853595772〕 ==Language demographics== The most widely spoken languages used in households are Oshiwambo dialects, by 48% of the population, the Khoekhoe language by 11%, Afrikaans by 11%, Kwangali language by 10% and Herero by 10%.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://209.88.21.55/opencms/opencms/grnnet/AboutNamibia/population/languages.html )〕 Other native languages include the Bantu languages Tswana, Gciriku, Fwe, Kuhane, Mbukushu, Yeyi; and the Khoisan Naro, ǃXóõ, Kung-Ekoka, ǂKxʼauǁʼein and Kxoe. English, the official language, is spoken by less than 1% of people as their native language. Portuguese is spoken by 4–5% of the total population, i.e. 100,000 people, made up mostly of the Angolan community.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.namibian.com.na/indexx.php?archive_id=83964&page_type=archive_story_detail&page=1517 )〕 Among the white population, 60% speak Afrikaans, 32% German, 7% English, and 1% Portuguese. Indigenous languages are included in the school syllabus at primary level. From secondary level English is the medium of instruction. Afrikaans is the only language that comes close to a lingua franca, and is spoken by most black townspeople together with English and their native language.〔Pütz, Martin (1995). '' Discrimination through language in Africa?: perspectives on the Namibian experience''. Walter de Gruyter, p. 315. ISBN 311014817X〕 Image:Distribution of Oshiwambo in Namibia.png|Distribution of Oshiwambo Image:Distribution of Nama (Damara) in Namibia.png|Distribution of Khoekhoe (also known as Nama or Damara) Image:Distribution of Afrikaans in Namibia.png|Distribution of Afrikaans Image:Distribution of Otjiherero in Namibia.png|Distribution of Otjiherero Image:Distribution of Kavango languages in Namibia.png|Distribution of Kavango languages Image:Distribution of Caprivi languages in Namibia.png|Distribution of Caprivi languages 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Languages of Namibia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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